Burying Bofors

As I was clearing my backlog of articles from past few weeks, I chanced upon this interview of Digvijay Singh by Karan Thapar.

Read the excerpts against the backdrop of events leading up to the elections and the 2009 mandate to Congress (I)…and you will see why I chose the title of the post.

*** Excerpts from Devil’s Advocate: Digvijay on what if Cong loses ***

Karan Thapar: The revelation that your government has withdrawn the red corner notice against the Bofors scam accused Ottavio Quattrocchi, is an embarrassment. What justification you can have for this blatant attempt to help a man who is a fugitive from the Indian justice?

Digvijay Singh: First of all let me confess that I am not a legal person and therefore I don’t understand the nuances of the Quattrocchi case or the legality of the Bofors case. I am a political man and therefore I would like to answer politically.
Bofors case has been pending since 1986-87. Successive governments came and gone. If they had something in this case why didn’t they file a chargesheet, why didn’t they make it public, what is there to hide?

.

Karan Thapar: Let me tell you the facts of the case. The CBI believes that they have documentary proof given by the authorities that proves that he is a recipient of kickbacks from Bofors, he has been chargesheeted an Indian court, he has a warrant of arrest against himself since 1997, he has been absconding from Indian justice and you have attempted so many times to get him back but now suddenly you have decided to throw him in the towel.

Digvijay Singh: Why would we be interested? Why would we support Quattrocchi? I fail to understand. We are interested only when there is a case against Rajiv Gandhi, why is Quattrocchi linked with us?

Karan Thapar: Quattrocchi is being linked with you (Congress) because he was a very close friend of the Gandhi family during 1980s. He is an Italian and there is a lot of suspicion that it is under the influence of Sonia Gandhi the Congress party is bending over backwards to help him.

Digvijay Singh: It is very unfair on your part to say all this. Mr Jogendra Singh was the CBI chief in the mid 90s. Since then for six years India had a NDA government, what made them not go ahead with the Bofors case.

Karan Thapar: Let me answer that as well. Under the NDA four attempts were made in the Malaysian courts to extradite him (Quattrocchi) but unfortunately it was turned down by the Malaysian courts. But after it was turned down by the Malaysian high court turned it down and it (NDA government) could appeal in the supreme court, he absconded from Malaysia. He is now gone to Italy and the government refuses to extradite a citizens to India.
As long as the red corner notice was active, Quattrocchi would have lived with this fear that whichever country he might visit that country might extradite him to India and you could have brought him to justice. Now, by removing that red corner notice, that one fear he had is gone. You have done that one thing for him, you have made him a free man?

Digvijay Singh: Why are you blaming the Congress or the UPA Government for it. The autonomy of the CBI is well known. We have not been interfering in this case. The NDA government failed to chargesheet him, extradite him.

Karan Thapar: He was chargesheeted in the 1990s, long before the NDA government came into the power; the arrest warrant was issued against him in 1997, again before the NDA government came into power and in fact much of it happened when Narsimha Rao – a Congress prime minister was in office.

Digvijay Singh: Then why you blaming the Congress for it?

Karan Thapar: Because if you look at the history of Quattroacchi’s history under the last fives of Dr Manmohan Singh, there are three instances where the Congress bended over backwards to help him. In 2004 you deliberately chose not to appeal against the Delhi High Court judgment in the Supreme Court, in 2005 you in fact gave evidences that his frozen accounts in London were released and you even told the crown prosecutor in England that there were no cases against him. Again in 2007 when his extradition from Argentina was bungled the Government chose not to appeal in the Argentina high court. There is a clear pattern one after the other of helping Quattrocchi.

Digvijay Singh: I told you earlier that I don’t know the legal nuances of this case. But one thing that I know is that if there were a corruption charges against Rajiv Gandhi no one has been able to prove, his name doesn’t figure out anywhere. We have nothing to do with Quattrocchi.

Karan Thapar: His (Rajiv Gandhi) name was on the chargesheet which was dropped after his death. Now lets come to political implications.

*** End of Excerpts ***

Read the interview in full here.

Related Posts: Did someone say it is “election season”?

W’end Links: Celeb Crusades, Armed Intrusion, Bofors

Somewhat related post: B Raman on Musharraf, Kargil and lies…

B Shantanu

Political Activist, Blogger, Advisor to start-ups, Seed investor. One time VC and ex-Diplomat. Failed mushroom farmer; ex Radio Jockey. Currently involved in Reclaiming India - One Step at a Time.

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29 Responses

  1. Dirt Digger says:

    Shantanu,
    Thapar bullying Digvijay Singh is one thing. But why is Karan Thapar not asking the same questions to say MMS or Sonia?
    The hypocrisy of the Indian media has reached ridiculous levels. For all the faults of George Bush, he at least gave a few interviews where he was grilled by the press.
    How many real interviews has Sonia or boy wonder Rahul given?
    The public deserves to know the truth. But unless they demand the media ask the real questions how will that happen?

  2. B Shantanu says:

    Hon Defence Minister Sh A K Antony:

    At times, we found certain manipulations and malpractices . We could not ignore them, so we ruthlessly cancelled big-ticket items. In future also, if there is malpractice we will not take a lenient view…

    I am reminded of a word called “selective amnesia”

    ***

    DD: why is Karan Thapar not asking the same questions to say MMS or Sonia?

    That would be the day.

  3. Ashwin Kumaraswamy says:

    What is shocking in the whole episode is how the likes of Arun Shourie, Arun Jaitley, V P Singh and others who built their political careers on the Bofors scandal have milked the issues each time there is elections. When in power, they had the might of Indian govt to have brough the people involved to justice.
    But rather than bring those involved to justice, the leading lights of the movement against Bofors were busy targetting Rajiv Gandhi for perceived links to Ottovio Quottrochi. Also they went on to give Arun Nehru a ticket to contest from Rae Bareily, this is the person many in Congress hold responsible for the fiasco and to have back stabbed Rajiv Gandhi. Also to note why is the media and the opposition dont take cognisance of the fact that Arun Singh who was the then Defence minister and V P Singh have made statements to the effect that they never though Rajiv was involved personally. V P Singh went to the extent in his later years to say, he targetted Rajiv as he was the PM and it was nothing personal and also he felt that Rajiv would never have taken kickbacks and it was his personal view.

    Like everyone, i like to know the truth and bring people to justice, but what i am against is to milk the issue each time there is an election. To be very true people of India are fed up with the opposition politicians. From 1989 to 2009 Congress has been in power for 9 yrs and opposition in power for the remaining part. Of the 9yrs of Congress rule 4-5yrs had no memeber from Nehru-Gandhi family in politics, so if there was enough evidence and clearly there was a political will amongst the opposition to bring those involved with Bofors scam to justice, why did BJP leading members who were Law minister and minister for disinvestments and an ex-PM did not do anything?? This says something about the moral bankruptancy.

    I still maintain, truth needs to be brought out, but to be very true, i am not bothered as evey one of those alleged suspects in the scam barring Qutorochi are dead.

    What i am clearly against is targetting Nehru-Gandhi family for the mere link with Qutrochi. Neither am i naive, but if you feel it is a navie point, then i would say please prove that Quttrochi did pay money and trace it to Nehru-Gandhi family. UNtill proven guilt dont pass judgements on the issue or accuse one.

  4. Avinash says:

    This one by Rajinder Puri
    Hope you can access it.

    http://outlookindia.com/full.asp?fodname=20090428&fname=puri&sid=1

  5. Vinay Kumarswamy says:

    well said Ashwin… we need a judicial revamp to fast track such cases… not to drag them for 20 years…

  6. B Shantanu says:

    Avinash: Thanks for reminding me of this link. I am posting excerpts from this article below… They make for some shocking reading…Read on:

    Excerpts from Is Sonia Above Questioning? by Rajinder Puri.

    …If the BJP is serious about fighting corruption there is no dearth of issues. Take one glaring example.

    On August 15, 2006 this scribe wrote: “Dr. Yevgeniya Albats is a Soviet journalist who …was appointed as member of the official KGB Commission set up by President Yeltsin in 1991. She had full access to secret files of the KGB. She authored a book, The State within a State: KGB and Its Hold on Russia …. Dr. Albats disclosed in her book that KGB chief Victor Chebrikov in December 1985 had sought in writing from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), ‘authorization to make payments in US dollars to the family members of Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, namely Sonia Gandhi, Rahul Gandhi and Ms Paola Maino, mother of Sonia Gandhi.’ CPSU payments were authorized by a resolution, CPSU/CC/No 11228/3 dated 20/12/1985; and endorsed by the USSR Council of Ministers in Directive No. 2633/Rs dated 20/12/1985. These payments had been coming since 1971, as payments received by Sonia Gandhi’s family, and ‘have been audited in CPSU/CC resolution No. 11187/22 OP dated 10/12/1984.’

    In 1992 the media confronted the Russian government with the Albats disclosure. The Russian government confirmed the veracity of the disclosure and defended it as necessary for ‘Soviet ideological interest’. The Hindu of July 4, 1992 carried this report….In November 1991 the respected Swiss magazine, Schweitzer Illustrate, published a report alleging that Rajiv Gandhi had 2.5 billion Swiss francs, equivalent roughly to two billion US dollars, in numbered Swiss bank accounts….Surely, Mrs. Sonia Gandhi owes herself and the nation an emphatic and effective rebuttal of the Albats charges?

    On November 8 2006 I again wrote: “…Until now there has been only deafening silence from Mrs. Gandhi and the Congress party….If the Albats allegation published in a reputed research book is false, Mrs. Sonia Gandhi should promptly deny it. Otherwise, her silence could be perceived as assent.”

    The government remained silent. But so did all the opposition parties! Why? Are the opposition leaders themselves also vulnerable and compelled to maintain discreet silence? Draw your own conclusions.

    *** Excerpts End ***

  7. B Shantanu says:

    @ Ashwin: Like many others, I doubt if the Late Rajiv Gandhi personally benefitted from Bofors.

    The question then is where did the money go?

    As for milking the issue at election-time, well that is democracy for you.

    You say …to be very true, i am not bothered as every one of those alleged suspects in the scam barring Qutorochi are dead.

    Well, I hope you will agree that the people of India have a right to know the truth…regardless of who is alive or dead.

    Anways, what is your take on Rajinder Puri’s article above?

  8. Hemant says:

    Funny that people praise a gandhi-nehru even when he/she has a very remote link with success (like UP), while they are reluctant to suspect them when they have good links with bad things /people…

    Another equally funny thing is when the congi is corrupt, all politicians are corrupt!

    Shame on the slavery 🙁

  9. Bhavananda says:

    “”DD: why is Karan Thapar not asking the same questions to say MMS or Sonia?”” –

    Sonia or MMS are not stupid like Advani that they will court the slime-bags in the media. I still remember the day when Advani walked up to receive some prize from Prannoy Roy of NDTV (of all people!). Neither MMS nor Sonia gave *ONE* interview in 5 yrs and are still ruling India, whereas Advani (even Modi) are blabbering in front of the media like crazy, diminishing their stature. Its high time these BJP leaders show some guts and stop talking to the ELM, for once and all!

  10. Dirt Digger says:

    @Bhavananda,
    The point is not about the inability of Indian leaders to maintain a media presence. It is about the inability of the Indian media to do their job which is providing investigative journalism and fact based reporting to inform the public about where their tax rupees go.
    The BJP leaders should continually hammer the point to the media and the public about why the leaders of the Congress continue to blackball any interviews?

  11. Jayadevan says:

    We have to remember here that the politicians are all people who belong to the same club, and have one common enemy, the public. An enemy today can turn into a friend and ally tomorrow and vice versa. So there is no point in hoping that they will actually strike the final blow at any time. To expect them to strike a blow for honesty and decency is a bit too much, considering all they have at stake. A little bit of jostling while we try to come to power is OK, the high-decibel drama that we are committed to the overthrow and destruction of the people who are selling the republic down the river is OK, but, dear deluded subjects, to expect anything more is childish. Remember the Jain havala case, where all our public figures were seen standing in line at the ATM with terrorists? And how it sank without a trace? The CBI complaining, in effect, that the Jain brothers did not keep proper books of accounts or preserve stamped receipts for the payouts? In the same way, any scandals which might actually cause some harm to the rules of the game have been air-brushed out of existence. A Bangaru Laxman here or a Sukhram there are scraps thrown to us dogs to make us feel important. Happy animals make for easy slaughtering.

    We have seen how our rulers have been stealthily grasping more and more power, quoting the case of the Republic being at risk from its enemies. Our mullahs and pundits do the same in a slightly more ham-handed fashion, quoting the risks to our religion and our culture. Bakasura was decent in that he demanded his wages in a well-defined manner at the first meeting. He made our roles very clear. His modern day progeny, starting out as our servants, have been snipping away a bit here and and a bit there, till we have come to accept the reversal of roles, and them as our masters.

  12. Ravi says:

    The Rajinder Puri article from outllookindia is surprising, considering outlookindia is out and out an anti-BJP media. Puri is a reputed cartoonist and journalist. Looks serious.

  13. gajanan says:

    BJP leaders being infront of media and not MMS and company, looks like it was well planned. When the entire media is pro-Cong , what will they ask them. They cannot call them to have chaipani. Since they are all one family , why call them to appear on TV. So the BJP leaders obliged for the fun. They should have also refused.

  14. Ashwin Kumaraswamy says:

    @ Shantanu

    I want to know the answers to the question you are asking as well. But inspite of having the political will to bring those allegedly involved to justice, the leading lights of the movement against Bofors scandal have ratehr made it a one point agenda of targetting Rajiv Gandhi and they have not even bothered to try out establish even a half broken link that moneies were paid out and that could be traced to Nehru Gandhi family.

    As for the milking the issue during election time, well then the public have given a resounding anser to it time and again it has been raised. It was sad that th eissue was used to tarnish an individual rather showcassing the loopholes and the real culprits.

    As for rajinder Puri or anyone else article, the reason i would not want to comment, or it is futiler to comment because they would not know the detauiled intelligence the govt knows on the issue. The likes of Jaitley, Shourie, V P Singh, and others who were at the forefront and vowed to expose the culprits have either said they dont think Rajiv was involved and or just making statements to stay in publicity or during election time.

    I have lots of respect to Rajinder Puri, but sadly even he is one of us, but rather a more famed political commentator.
    Especially on this issue, i would not attach much importance to anything other than truth comming out. Lets hope and wish we get something to this effect before Quttorochi dies.

    @ Hemant

    You might disagree with my views, but i am just trying to be practical and holistic in seeing the issue.
    As for Congress, i have clearly said in various posts that, they should deeliver else they shall face the wrath of the public. Also i have made a point to the extent, the opposition needs to put the govt on alert mode all the time, sadly the famed iron man of BJP disrupted the parliament in the 14th Loksabha and after it was announced sine die, he challenged the govt for a debate – this clearly shows the bankruptancy of the BJP.

  15. B Shantanu says:

    ‘Cover up’ of Bofors case complete:

    “At every stage, successive governments headed by the Congress have resorted to various devices to derail the case and protect (key accused Ottavio) Quattrocchi. The CBI was prevented from pursuing the case seriously,” the CPI(M) Politburo said in a statement here.

    …”With this latest act, the cover up of the Bofors bribery case is now complete,” the CPI(M) said.

    ***

    Also read this: http://ibnlive.in.com/news/cbi-to-withdraw-all-cases-against-quattrocchi/102378-3.html
    Thanks to Harapriya for the link.

  16. gajanan says:

    First expose of Bofors by CS.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitra_Subramaniam

    Go thru this, an interesting write up.

  17. rti? says:

    When the investigation is closed, and O.Q no longer a subject of investigation, I would think that RTI could be used fruitfully to pry out information. Or, am I wrong/plain naive ?

  18. B Shantanu says:

    Excerpts from a shocking article by Rajinder Puri…Is Sonia Above Questioning?:

    …The BJP has taken up the secret Indian Swiss bank money issue. Does it seriously contemplate recovering the money? Or is it just a poll gimmick?

    …Are they political opportunists? Do they or don’t they really intend to deliver results on the Swiss money? If the BJP is serious about fighting corruption there is no dearth of issues. Take one glaring example.

    On August 15, 2006 this scribe wrote: “Dr. Yevgeniya Albats is a Soviet journalist who …was appointed as member of the official KGB Commission set up by President Yeltsin in 1991. She had full access to secret files of the KGB. She authored a book, The State within a State: KGB and Its Hold on Russia …. Dr. Albats disclosed in her book that KGB chief Victor Chebrikov in December 1985 had sought in writing from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), ‘authorization to make payments in US dollars to the family members of Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, namely Sonia Gandhi, Rahul Gandhi and Ms Paola Maino, mother of Sonia Gandhi.’ CPSU payments were authorized by a resolution, CPSU/CC/No 11228/3 dated 20/12/1985; and endorsed by the USSR Council of Ministers in Directive No. 2633/Rs dated 20/12/1985. These payments had been coming since 1971, as payments received by Sonia Gandhi’s family, and ‘have been audited in CPSU/CC resolution No. 11187/22 OP dated 10/12/1984.’

    “In 1992 the media confronted the Russian government with the Albats disclosure. The Russian government confirmed the veracity of the disclosure and defended it as necessary for ‘Soviet ideological interest’. The Hindu of July 4, 1992 carried this report….In November 1991 the respected Swiss magazine, Schweitzer Illustrate, published a report alleging that Rajiv Gandhi had 2.5 billion Swiss francs, equivalent roughly to two billion US dollars, in numbered Swiss bank accounts….Surely, Mrs. Sonia Gandhi owes herself and the nation an emphatic and effective rebuttal of the Albats charges?”

    On November 8 2006 I again wrote: “…Until now there has been only deafening silence from Mrs. Gandhi and the Congress party….If the Albats allegation published in a reputed research book is false, Mrs. Sonia Gandhi should promptly deny it. Otherwise, her silence could be perceived as assent.”

    The government remained silent. But so did all the opposition parties! Why? Are the opposition leaders themselves also vulnerable and compelled to maintain discreet silence? Draw your own conclusions.

  19. B Shantanu says:

    From some tweets by CenterofRight:

    March 24 – 1986 – The day Bofors agreement was signed After Approval of defense minister and PM – and RajivG was both at that time
    Agmt signed b/w Q & Bofors was done on Nov 15 1985 – valid till Apr 1 1986, – Final agmt signed on Mar24 ’86 – 3% commissin
    Mr. Quattrocchi remained in India from 28-2-1965 to 29-7-1993, except for a brief interval from 4-3-1966 to 12-6-1968
    Mr Q was a Chartered Accountant by profession – for Snamprogetti – Mr.Q had no exp of guns, gun-systems or any related defenseequipments
    3% commision was paid into AE services a/c on Sep 03 1986 A/c No. 18051-53 at Nordfinanz Bank, Zurich. A/c opnd 15 days earlier only
    out of 7.12 MN USD in Zurich account 7 MN was trfrd on Sep 16 1986 to Account No.254.561.60W in Panama
    while opening the Account of ColbarInvestments Ltd. Inc. with the UBS Geneva Q gave a fake address
    Investigations in Guernsey ) also revealed that theentire money, i.e. US $ 9.2 million, was further channeled to other A/cs in 10 days
    http://bit.ly/hoTYzW – The 98 Page Appellate Order on #bofors commission – traces the entire Money trail – PDF file judgement on 31/12/2010

  20. B Shantanu says:

    From Bofors case: Haven’t moved an inch in 25 years, says court to CBI, some excerpts:
    New Delhi: In a strong indictment of the lax progress in the Bofors pay-offs case, a Delhi court today pulled up the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) saying that the Bofors case had not moved an inch in the last 25 years.

    The Tis Hazari court also asked the CBI whether there was any account of how much money had been spent in the case.

    “We have not moved an inch in the last 25 years. Do we have any account of how much money is being spent on this case? Is this figure of Rs. 250 crore, as mentioned by the Delhi High Court, correct? Can you give a rough figure?”

    The court also observed that all the statements of the Bofors case were recorded in 1996-97 when the BJP-led NDA was in power.

    ****

    Another report from Indian Express, titled CIC to CBI: How long should one wait to get info in Bofors case?:

    For how long should a citizen wait for information in a case which is pending for more than 23 years, Chief Information Commissioner Satyananda Mishra today asked while slamming CBI for withholding information in the Bofors pay-offs scam.

    “For how long should a case be pending or the prosecution be continuing after which a resident of India can exercise the Right to Information? This case has been pending for last 23 years. By your (CBI) admission you are saying that you want to withdraw the case because you are not able to get that man,” Mishra said.

  21. B Shantanu says:

    Govt lied in SC, HC on Bofors probe expenses
    April 05, 2011

    The Bofors scam is back to haunt the Centre.

    This time, it is about the inflated expense account the Centre had produced in Tis Hazari courts a month back to arrange an escape route for Italian businessman Ottavio Quattrocchi in the `64-crore gun deal scam. The CBI had advanced the same argument of wasteful expenses and cited the same amount of `250 cr before the Delhi High Court in 2005 to bail out the Hinduja brothers as well.

    The CBI stuck to the argument that Bofors case was a huge drain on the public exchequer with `250 crore already spent on its investigation since January 22, 1990, when the FIR was filed. But documents accessed under the Right to Information Act by the petitioner, advocate Ajay Agarwal, reveal that the figure was a façade as the real expenses incurred by the agency were just over `5 crore.

    The fresh disclosure has shown that superior courts, both the Delhi High Court and the Supreme Court, besides the trial court, were deceived to accept the figure of `250 crore as one of the main grounds to drop further proceedings, as was evident by the trial court order of March 4, 2011, when the CBI plea to discharge Quattrocchi was allowed.

  22. B Shantanu says:

    Excerpts from an interview of STEN LINDSTROM by CHITRA SUBRAMANIAM-DUELLA, Tuesday, Apr 24, 2012 (emphasis added)

    Q – Looking back, what would you say are some of the lessons learnt?
    A – There are several, but I could mention a few. The role of the whistle-blower is a part of democracy. When all official channels are clogged, you have to take a decision. We have a culture here that it is okay to blow the whistle. I have met other whistle blowers. I knew what I was doing when I leaked the documents to you. I could not count on my government or Bofors or the government of India to get to the bottom of this. My only option was to leak the documents to someone we could trust.
    There needs to be a free and fair discussion in the media about itself. The media is the watchdog of our society – but who is watching the media? Most whistle blowers around the world leak information to the media because they feel they owe it to their country, their job or the position they are elected to.
    Genuine whistle-blowers also expect the media to be responsible and according to me this means that the media has to understand the motives of whistle-blowers. Not everyone is driven by the same motive. This is where investigative journalism comes in. Every role has its limits. I cannot become a journalist, a journalist cannot become a judge and a judge cannot become a politician. Who controls the media, what are their interests? What happens if a reporter is also part of the management? Do journalistic ethics compete with business and political interests of the media organisation? Can an ombudsman be the answer? If not, let us all work together globally to find a solution we all respect and understand.

    Q- Quarter century later, any reflections on why Rajiv Gandhi’s name came up?
    A– There was no evidence that he had received any bribe. But he watched the massive cover-up in India and Sweden and did nothing. Many Indian institutions were tarred, innocent people were punished while the guilty got away. The evidence against Ottavio Quattrrocchi was conclusive. Through a front company called A.E. Services, bribes paid by Bofors landed in Quattrocchi’s account which he subsequently cleaned out because India said there was no evidence linking him to the Bofors deal. Nobody in Sweden or Switzerland was allowed to interrogate him.
    Ardbo was terrified about this fact becoming public. He had hidden it even from his own marketing director Hans Ekblom who said marketing middlemen had a role, but not political payments. Ardbo was also concerned about the role of Arun Nehru who had told Bofors in 1985 that his name and Rajiv Gandhi’s name should not appear anywhere. As the stories began to appear, Ardbo knew what I knew. He had written in his notes that the identity of N (Nehru) becoming public was a minor concern but at no cost could the identity of Q (Quattrocchi) be revealed because of his closeness to R (Rajiv Gandhi). He had also mentioned a meeting between an A.E. Services official and a Gandhi trustee lawyer in Geneva. This was a political payment. These payments are made when the deal has to be inked and all the numbers are on the table. I spent long-hours interrogating Ardbo. He told me Nehru was the eminence grise but not much more.

    Q– What was your experience with the Indian investigators?
    After the LR was lodged in Switzerland, I was waiting for the official track with India and Switzerland to begin. It never did. Whenever the public prosecutor Ekblom and I heard of any Indian visits to Stockholm, we would speak to the media expressing our desire to meet them. Can you imagine a situation where no one from India met the real investigators of the gun deal? That was when we saw the extent to which everyone was compromised. Many politicians who had come to my office claiming they would move heaven and earth to get at the truth if they came to power, fell silent when they held very important positions directly linked to the deal.

  23. B Shantanu says:

    Also read: THE BOFORS SCANDAL –
    The Lindstrom disclosures
    by SUKUMAR MURALIDHARAN – from 2004!

  24. B Shantanu says:

    Excerpts from The G family and Mr Q
    …Recent revelations by Sweden’s former police chief Sten Lindstrom about the ‘political payments’ made by Bofors in connection with the Howitzer deal of 1986 has come as a huge embarrassment to the ruling UPA Government, the Congress and the Nehru-Gandhi family, all of whom have been working overtime to shield those who took bribes and commissions from that company 25 years ago.
    …The main points made by him in the interview published online by The Hoot are as follows: There was no direct evidence that Rajiv Gandhi received a bribe but the then Prime Minister watched the “massive cover-up” in India and Sweden and did nothing; there was conclusive evidence about payments made by Bofors to Ottavio Quattrocchi, a friend of Rajiv and Sonia Gandhi; bribes paid by Bofors landed in Quattrocchi’s account through his front company — AE Services; the payments made to Quattrocchi’s company were “political payments”, nobody in India or Sweden was allowed to interrogate Quattrocchi; Martin Ardbo, the chairman of Bofors was “terrified” about the fact that the payments to Quattrocchi would become public; Ardbo wrote in his diary that the identity of “Q” should never be revealed because of his closeness to “R”; some Indian investigators wanted Lindstrom to falsely implicate Amitabh Bachchan; and finally, Indian investigators did everything to hush up the probe.

    The facts are as follows: The Bofors saga began in the early 1980s when India called for tenders for the purchase of field guns. The three main contenders for the contract were Sofma of France, AB Bofors from Sweden and Voest Alpine from Austria. Sofma was ahead of the others through the bidding and evaluation process but in the final stages Bofors pipped it to the post. Material gathered by the CBI from Sweden and Switzerland clearly establish Quattrocchi’s hand in Bofors’ success. Bofors entered into a contract with a company called AE Services in the latter part of 1985, offering three per cent commission to it if the Indian contract was concluded before March 31, 1986. Strangely, the Rajiv Gandhi Government signed the contract with Bofors on March 24, 1986 — just one week before the expiry of this deadline.

    Two months later, India paid the first tranche of 20 per cent of the contract sum and Bofors, as per its deal, transferred US $7.343 million to the AE Services account in Nordfinanz Bank, Zurich. The investigators found that AE Services in turn had transferred this money to the account of Colbar Investments operated by Quattrocchi and his wife Maria. The complicity of Quattrocchi, his mentors and benefactors is further established by another bizarre fact. After the scandal broke in April 1987 and the Rajiv Gandhi Government came under a cloud, AE Services wrote to Bofors and unilaterally declared that it did not want commission on the remaining 80 per cent of the contractual value that India was to pay the company. Quattrocchi’s company therefore voluntarily surrendered US$29 million that was due to it from Bofors.

    The facts about the Bofors-Quattrocchi contract were fully corroborated by our Income Tax Appellate Tribunal a year ago. It noted that Quattrocchi remained in India from February 28, 1965 to July 29, 1993, except for a brief interval from March 4, 1966 to June 12, 1968. Based on bank documents obtained from Switzerland by Indian authorities, the tribunal concluded that after India paid Bofors SEK1,682,132,196.80 (Rs 2,9615.00 lakh), equivalent to 20 per cent of the contract value, on May 2, 1986, Bofors remitted a sum of SEK50,463,966.00 (equivalent to US $7,343,941.98), on September 03, 1986, to account number 18051-53 of M/s AE Services Limited at Nordfinanz Bank, Zurich. The amount paid to AE Services worked out to exactly three per cent of the advance paid. Thereafter, the ITAT provided details of the money trail and said, while opening another account in the Union Bank of Switzerland, Geneva, Quattrocchi had mentioned his address in India as “Colony East, New Delhi / India”, “which was a fake and non-existent address”.

    How did Quattrocchi, an Italian, manage to swing the deal before the expiry of the deadline? Who helped him achieve this extraordinary feat? Why did he forego further payments? These questions have been nagging Indians ever since the scandal broke in 1987.

    After the UPA came to power in 2004, the Manmohan Singh Government ensured that the Italian businessman was not extradited to India after his arrest in Argentina. Thereafter, it rendered two other extraordinary services to the Nehru-Gandhi family. The Italian businessman’s bank account in UK had been frozen after the Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government sent a request to London. The UPA regime stealthily informed Britain that India had no objection to de-freezing Quattrocchi’s account. UK obliged and Quattrocchi immediately cleaned out this account. Thereafter, the UPA Government directed the CBI to make an application before a court in Delhi to withdraw the criminal case of bribery against Quattrocchi.

    Mr Lindstrom’s observations have shamed our investigating agencies, our system of justice and our claim that the rule of law will prevail at all times. The simple question that India has been asking for the last 25 years is: Why did Bofors pay Quattrocchi, an Italian businessman and friend of the Nehru-Gandhi family $7.3 million when we purchased guns for our Army?

  25. B Shantanu says:

    Excerpts from Why there won’t be any progress on Bofors by Seema Mustafa | Friday, April 27, 2012 (emphasis added):
    In 2004, this columnist got a telephone call suggesting she should speak with Swedish police officer Sten Lindstrom, as he is ‘willing’ to spill the facts on the Bofors deal.
    …I made the call, realised the story was too big for the telephone, and flew to Stockholm for eight to nine hours of a recorded interview …His interview was sensational, to put it mildly, but since the reports carried by the newspaper I was working with at the time coincided with the general elections they were lost amidst charges hurled at us by both the Left and the Congress of ‘deliberately’ trying to sabotage a crucial poll by raising the Bofors bogey at a critical juncture.
    This was a good eight years ago, when the cases against Italian businessman Ottavio Quattrocchi were still open, when his crucial bank accounts in London were still frozen and a little pressure could have yielded big results. To cut a long story short, the UPA that came to power with the support of the Left moved skillfully to withdraw all the cases against Congress president Sonia Gandhi’s influential Italian friend, and gradually he walked away a completely free man. And with him, the last of the evidence too disappeared.
    …So, one can be excused for being cynical about the long speeches in Parliament this time around, the ‘let us get them’ declarations from the opposition as all had a chance over the years, but none grabbed it.
    …In 2004, when I asked Lindstrom to name some living persons who had full details of the Bofors kickbacks he responded without hesitation, ‘Martin Ardbo, Ottavio Quattrocchi and Sonia Gandhi.’
    He added, ‘I have never said this before’ and went on to point towards the connections between then prime minister Rajiv Gandhi and his wife Sonia Gandhi. This columnist incidentally had interviewed Quattrocchi several times in the past, and he had never really bothered to hide his friendship with Mrs Sonia Gandhi. That he was a security-cleared visitor to the prime minister’s residence at the time was a well known secret.
    ..
    Bofors top boss Ardbo has since died, all cases against Quattrocchi have been withdrawn, and Sonia Gandhi is today among the world’s most powerful women. Lindstrom gave amazing details of the investigations during the course of the interview, of how the Hindujas and Win Chadha had received the bulk of the commission — 320 million Swedish kronor — but did not know the entire picture; of how the Swedish investigators had followed Ardbo’s diary until they had run into a wall in Switzerland as the details of the accounts were denied to them; of how the money paid to Quattrocchi was done fairly late in the deal and appeared to be a ‘sweetener’ for services rendered rather than payment for this particular deal; of how efforts to interrogate Sonia Gandhi had not been successful and so forth.

    There were many firsts in that interview. It was for the first time that Lindstrom pointed to conclusive evidence establishing that money was paid from Bofors to AE Services to Colbar Investment, of which Quattrocchi was the direct beneficiary.

    Lindstrom had an entire file on this, having followed the trail to the company’s offices in London as well.
    …When he spoke to this columnist he had all the details that he wanted the Indian investigators to pursue, but that was not to be. Clearly frustrated even then, Lindstrom shared details of the cover up that has taken place, pressure from his own government, non-cooperation of the Indian authorities and the difficulties encountered at every step of this investigation.

  26. B Shantanu says:

    Excerpts from Guns and poses by NK Singh, 26 May 2012:
    ..Notwithstanding the belief that people’s memories are short, they are not prepared to forget allegations of this sort at high places.
    In respect of this deal, the Rajiv Gandhi government incriminated itself most on three counts.
    The first was the way it reacted to the Swedish radio broadcast of 16 April, 1987 that Bofors had paid commissions to win the contract. This was not straightaway very damaging as such things can happen behind the back of any government. A prompt transparent enquiry could have nipped the trouble in bud. In contrast, the response was one of successive denials.

    ..In India, not only were the allegations rubbished, but the Congress working committee, in a resolution adopted on 18 April, 1987, presided over by Rajiv Gandhi, said “an atmosphere of cynicism and despair is being fostered undermining the confidence and determination of the nation.”
    The fact of the matter was that even though the controversy broke out on 16 April, 1987 with the Swedish radio broadcast, and the nation and Parliament were repeatedly told that nobody, howsoever high, “will be allowed to go free”, nothing worthwhile was done. It was only when the VP Singh government assumed office that a regular case was registered by the CBI on 22 June, 1990 and an investigation taken up.

    The second count was the way all suggestions and moves to coerce Bofors to disclose details of the deal were shot down in some way or the other at the highest level here in government.
    We have the corroboration on this from Ambassador Oza and late Army chief K Sunderji. Much more damning information, however, came later, in 2010, in an account given by former comptroller-general late CG Somiah, in his book The Honest Always Stand Alone.
    Arun Nehru and Arun Singh, close friends, had been inducted by Rajiv Gandhi, as ministers of state, in home and defence respectively. Because of their proximity to the PM, both of them wielded enormous power. Ultimately, however, both left the government under circumstances leading to a lot of speculation. One persistent view was that Arun Singh left the Rajiv Gandhi government on account of his differences over Bofors.
    This has been confirmed by Somiah in his book. He writes that much later when he questioned Arun Singh during a chance meeting on a flight from Hyderabad to Delhi as to why he had resigned, Singh told him he had no other option but to do so when the Prime Minister did not support his decision to invite the chairman of Bofors for a discussion in Delhi to clarify certain aspects of the case. He writes further that NN Vohra, then additional secretary, ministry of defence, who had worked with Arun Singh, confirmed this account later. Much earlier, Mr Vohra had been quoted as saying that Rajiv Gandhi had “lit up”, at him, when he had gone to him with some such message. Somiah goes on to write that after General Sunderji had retired and settled in Coonoor, the latter told him he had sent a secret note to the Prime Minister, suggesting cancellation of the entire deal with Bofors, but the note was returned to him by SK Bhatnagar, then defence secretary, without any action on his suggestion. Bhatnagar confirmed this to him, though he had his own grievance against the CBI, for prosecuting him in the case.
    ..The third, of course, was the case of Italian national, Mr Ottavio Quattrochhi. In the long history of the Bofors case, the action of the government to help de-freeze the London accounts of Mr Quattrochhi was perhaps the most sordid chapter. It was worse than even what Mr Madhavsinh Solanki, foreign minister under PV Narasimha Rao, had done when he had quietly passed on an unsigned memo to his Swiss counterpart at Davos, suggesting suspension of investigation in Switzerland.
    Mr Quattrochhi was the last to enter the scene in this deal. His AE Services came into the picture on 3 August, 1985, and its solicitor, Mr Bob Wilson, signed an agreement with Bofors on 15 November, 1985, for payment of 3 per cent commission by the company to it, but which, significantly, also stipulated that commission would not be paid to AE Services if the contract was not awarded by 26 March, 1986. And lo and behold, the contract was cleared in double quick time by the Union Cabinet on 23 March, 1986.
    In June 2003, Interpol reportedly alerted the CBI that it had detected two accounts held by Mr Quattrochhi and his wife, Maria, with BSIAG Bank, London. The accounts held a total of Rs 21 crore.
    On the strength of a Letter Rogatory obtained by the CBI from the designated special court in Delhi, the two London accounts were frozen in July 2003. The CBI had contended in its petition to British authorities that Mr Quattrochhi “in a deceitful manner had been transferring funds from one account to another to evade detection by the law”. The agency had also claimed that it was believed that “the amount of three million slashed away in the account was part of 7.34 million US dollars paid to him (Mr Quattrochhi) by AB Bofors through AE Services.” The Crown prosecution service had argued on behalf of CBI before the United Kingdom Court of Appeal that there was need to probe the source of deposit and the British High Court had upheld the contention of the agency then.
    The beginning of 2006, however, saw a complete somersault by the Government of India in pursuing the case against Mr Quattrochhi. A stunned nation heard Union minister of law, Mr HR Bhardwaj, telling a television channel, on 12 January, 2006 that the government had conveyed to the Crown prosecution service in UK its opinion to defreeze the two bank accounts held by Mr Quattrochhi. “We have conveyed to them the recent rulings of Delhi High Court rejecting the case against Hinduja brothers as well as status of investigation,” Mr Bhardwaj said.
    It transpired that in an unprecedented move, the additional solicitor-general of India, Mr B Dutta, was sent all the way to London to brief the Crown Prosecution Service that CBI did not have any evidence to link the deposits of Mr Quattrochhi in a London bank with the Bofors pay-offs. We knew so far of investigating and senior law officers of the government being deputed abroad for pursuing cases or nabbing the culprits, but never for helping an accused getting out of legal clutches, particularly one who had been evading appearance, and against whom a non-bailable warrant and a Interpol red-corner notice had been issued. Why this compulsion to help?

    The High Court in London ordered on 11 January, 2006 that the two accounts be de-freezed. A lawyer, Mr Ajay Agrawal, moved the Supreme Court the next day for directions to the government to prevent de-freezing of the two bank accounts in London. A three-member Bench comprising Chief Justice Mr YK Sabharwal, Mr Justice CK Thakker and Mr Justice RV Raveendran made it clear on 15 January, 2006 that it must be ensured that Mr Quattrochhi did not withdraw the money until further orders. Political parties, including the Communist Party of India (Marxist), an ally of the government, was outraged and wanted the government to retrace its steps. The BJP alleged collusion and asked for the dismissal of Mr Bhardwaj.
    Nothing worked. During the hearing of the petition on 21 January, 2006, the Supreme Court was informed by the additional solicitor-general of India, Mr Gopal Subramanium that Mr Quattrochhi had withdrawn Rs 21 crore on 16 January, 2006 itself, soon after the order of the court to maintain the status quo. When Mr Subramanium told the court that there was “no longer any reasonable prospect of the case against Quattrochhi proceeding to trial,” the Bench told Mr Subramanium: “Why don’t you file a closure report before the special court?” Mr Subramanium replied that the CBI had now taken the position that there was no case to proceed against Mr Quattrochhi. To the delight of all in the government and others who wanted to help Mr Quattrochhi, a fait accompli was presented. Ultimately, on 29 September, 2009, Mr Subramanium told the Supreme Court Bench comprising Chief Justice Mr KG Balakrishnan and Mr Justice P Sathasivam and Mr Justice BS Chauhan that “the Central government has consented for withdrawal of the prosecution of Quattrochhi.” He further indicated that the CBI would file the closure report in the court of the chief metropolitan magistrate on 3 October, 2009. The CBI duly did so and the prosecution against Mr Quattrochhi was withdrawn. This is how a grand burial was given to the Bofors case.

  27. B Shantanu says:

    An excerpt on the politicisation of CBI, for the record:
    On the other hand, CBI is regularly manipulated to dilute cases filed against the Government. In its charge-sheet the CBI claimed that one Jasbir Singh, who is supposed to have heard Congress leader Jagdish Tytler inciting a mob to kill Sikhs during the 1984 riots, could not be examined as his whereabouts couldn’t be traced. The CBI’s claim was falsified when the media telephonically located Mr Singh.

    …despite the fact that the High Court ordered the CBI to probe the Rs 5,700 crore NRHM scam, nothing much was done until just a few months before the Uttar Pradesh election. All charges were suddenly dropped, and all cases against Ms Mayawati buried, after she lost the UP polls. The CBI said that it had made a “grave error” while calculating the assets of Ms Mayawati.

    The CBI was established in April, 1963. But till date, no law to govern the Bureau has been drafted. Instead, it’s being managed through the obsolete Delhi Special Police Establishment Act — that itself needs an overhaul —which allows complete Government control over the Bureau.
    …In November 2006, former CBI joint director BR Lall made public his official letters to show how the CBI’s functioning is manipulated by politicians. Similarly, Mr Joginder Singh, another former CBI head, has also been critical of the CBI. Mr NK Singh, another former joint director of CBI, has claimed that political interference is all pervasive.

  28. B Shantanu says:

    So much for the famed “autonomy” of the CBI mentioned by Dh Digvijay Singh, “The autonomy of the CBI is well known“:

    Congress on Monday found nothing wrong in Home Minister Sushilkumar Shinde’s remark giving credit to party chief Sonia Gandhi for the appointment of a Muslim IPS officer as IB chief and made it clear this will not be highlighted in Gujarat poll campaign.


    “In a democracy, it is the party, which takes decisions that the government is implementing. There is no doubt that Gandhi’s leadership is giving directions to the government.

    “There is no wrong in giving credit to the Congress President for something that is happening in the Congress-led government,” he said. from http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_nothing-wrong-in-shinde-s-remark-on-ib-chief-appointment-congress_1775901

  29. B Shantanu says:

    More on CBI’s “autonomy” CBI must be liberated from political interference, says Supreme Court by Janaki Fernandes (with inputs from PTI), April 30, 2013:
    New Delhi: The Supreme Court has castigated the CBI sharply today for showing a report on its coal investigation to the government before submitting it to judges last month. The top court says their first exercise is to free the CBI from political interference.